The melting point of iron ore
Release time:
2024-03-06
The theoretical melting point of iron ore (pure iron) is 1538-1540℃, but the effective temperature can be significantly reduced due to chemical reduction and impurities in actual smelting. This difference reflects the wisdom of ancient metallurgical technology.
The melting point of iron ore mainly depends on its composition and purity. The following is a comprehensive analysis:
The melting point of pure iron
According to authoritative encyclopedia data, the melting point of pure iron is 1538-1540℃ (there are measurement differences between ±2℃ in different sources). This number has a high
consensus in the scientific community, and the source is both authoritative and timely.
The actual smelting temperature of iron ore
Ancient Chinese iron smelting technology shows that the actual furnace temperature only needs about 1200℃ to achieve smelting, reasons include:
The role of reduction reaction: The iron oxides in iron ore (such as hematite or magnetite) produce iron element by reacting with a reducing agent (such as charcoal), which does not require the
pure iron melting point to be reached.
Impurities affect melting point: Impurities such as carbon and sulfur in the ore will form a low-melting eutectic mixture, reducing the overall melting temperature.
Changes in physical state: Iron may exist in a semi-melting state during smelting, and purification is achieved through mechanical separation.
Other influencing factors
The Mohs hardness of iron ore is 4, and its ductility and thermal conductivity may indirectly affect the high-temperature treatment process.
Modern blast furnaces can further increase furnace temperature by optimizing blowing technology, but ancient technologies rely more on chemical reaction efficiency.
Summary: The theoretical melting point of iron ore (pure iron) is 1538-1540℃, but the effective temperature can be significantly reduced due to chemical reduction and impurities in actual
smelting. This difference reflects the wisdom of ancient metallurgical technology.
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